Voltage chain of the elements

Metal
element

n-fold
positive
metal ion

Normal potential
in volt at 25°C

lithium

Li+

-3,04

potassium

K+

-2,92

calcium

Ca2+

-2,76

sodium

Na+

-2,71

magnesium

Mg2+

-2,34

titanium

Ti2+

-1,77

aluminium

Al3+

-1,66

manganese

Mn2+

-1,19

vanadium

V2+

-1,18

niobium

Nb3+

-1,10

zinc

Zn2+

-0,76

chromium

Cr3+

-0,71

iron

Fe2+

-0,44

cadmium

Cd2+

-0,40

cobalt

Co2+

-0,28

nickel

Ni2+

-0,25

molybdenum

Mo3+

-0,20

tin

Sn2+

-0,14

lead

Pb2+

-0,12

hydrogen

2H+

0

copper

Cu2+

+0,35

silver

Ag+

+0,80

mercury

Hg2+

+0,85

platinum

Pt2+

+1,12

gold

Au3+

+1,50

Nonmetal
element

n-fold
negative
metal ion

Normal potential
in volt at 25°C

J2 (solid)

2J-

+0,54

Br2 (liquid)

2Br-

+1,07

Cl2 (gaseous)

2Cl-

+1,36

F2 (gaseous)

2F-

+2,85

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